Chinese 10 Heavenly Stems in Mixtec Codex Vindobonensis Mexicanus 1, p. 51, coll. 1-3

11 Cipacti and 4 Cipactli are distinguishable by tzolkin-name only.

In the Mixtec final two, serpent-head is extruded from mouth, apparently to denote "not modernly employed in Chinese reckonings".

References :-

CVM1, p. 51 http://www.famsi.org/research/graz/vindobonensis/img_page51.html

10 Heavenly Stems, in :- William McNaughton : Reading and Writing Chinese. Tokyo: Charles E. Tuttle, 1979. (citing the Wen-lin Dictionary) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celestial_stem

[written Nov 3 2015]

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according to the Er-ya

Thomas F Aylward (transl.) : The Imperial Guide to Feng-Shui & Chinese Astrology. Watkins Publ, London, 2007. https://books.google.com/books?id=kmU8CgAAQBAJ&pg=PT92&lpg=PT92&dq=

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With intonations indicated for the pin-yin, the 10 are :

"Chinese Calendar - Chinese Zodiac". http://www.nationsonline.org/oneworld/Chinese_Customs/chinese_calendar.htm

"Astrology". http://www.chinese-tools.com/chinese/vocabulary/list/122/astrology.html

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Old Chinese names of the 10 :

David W. Pankenier : "Heavenly Pattern Reading (tianwen) and the Origins of Writing". p. 17. http://www.lehigh.edu/~dwp0/Assets/images/DWP_Columbia_Writing.pdf

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Proto-Thai (with Ahom, Lao, & Khmu) as compared with Old Chinese, names of the 10 :

p. 9. Table 5 : Comparison of Chinese and Thai decimal cycle Chinese decimal cycle Thai decimal cycle Modern Chinese Old Ch. (B-S) Old Ch. (MF) SinoViet. Proto Thai Ahom Lao Khmu 1 甲 jiǎ kˤrap ᵀkrap giáp *kaːp kāp kaːpᴰ¹ ກາບ kaːp 2 乙 yǐ qrət ᴸʔrɨt ất *rap dāp hapᴰ² ຮັບ rap 3 丙 bǐng praŋʔ ᴸpraŋˀ bính *rʷaːj rāi hʷaːjᴬ² ຮວາຍ rə̆vaːj 4 丁 dīng tˤeŋ ᵀteŋ đinh *məŋ mung məŋᴬ² ເມິງ məŋ 5 戊 wù m(r)uʔ-s ᴸm(r)u-s mậu *plək plek pəkᴰ¹ ເປຼິກ plək 6 己 jǐ k(r)əʔ ᴸg(r)ɨˀ kỷ *kat kāt katᴰ¹ ກັດ kat 7 庚 gēng kˤraŋ ᵀkraŋ canh *kot khut kotᴰ¹ ກົດ kot 8 辛 xīn sin ᴸsin tân *ruaŋˀ rung huaŋ c ² ຮ້ວງ ruaŋ 9 壬 rén nəm ᴸnɨm nhâm *tawʰ tāo tawᴮ¹ ເຕົ່າ taw 10 癸 guǐ kʷijʔ ᴸkiˀ quý *kaʰ kā kaːᴮ¹ ກ່າ kah 7

pp. 10-11 "When the finger as a whole serves as a unit for counting, it is held erect, facing upwards. When counting up to ten, the [p. 11] two hands provide a visual image of ‘ten heavenly stems’." {Do note that of the pertinent 10 figures on CBM1, p. 51, all but the last one have their index-finger pointing upwards. The similar praeceding 4 figures on CBM1, p. 51, also have their index-finger pointing upwards, as likewise do diversely dissimilar figures praeceding them on CBM1, pp. 50-51, commending with the tree-gods on CBM1, p. 50.}

Michel Ferlus : "The sexagesimal cycle, from China to Southeast Asia". 23rd Annual Conference of the Southeast Asian Linguistics Society, May 2013, Bangkok, Thailand.

HAL Id: halshs-00922842. https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/file/index/docid/922842/filename/Ferlus2012_SexagesimalCycle_EnglishVersion.pdf

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